Dystonia is a movement disorder characterized by involuntary, sustained or spasmodic contractions of muscle groups, resulting in twisting, repetitive and abnormal
Dystonic reactions, in general, are movement disorders characterized by involuntary contractions of
, in the presence of
The acute management of the extrapyramidal effect o Dopamine blocking drugs can cause a variety of movement disorders including parkinsonism, tardive syndromes, chorea, dystonia, tremor, akathisia, myoclonus, tics, and a very serious condition called neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Extrapyramidal side effects (EPS), commonly referred to as drug-induced movement disorders are among the most common adverse drug effects patients experience from dopamine-receptor blocking agents
Acute dystonia induced by drug treatment can be a side effect of treatment with antipsychotic drugs and other drugs, and it may occur at an early stage of treatment
1 It is usually patterned, twisted, and tremulous
The incidence rate of metoclopramide-induced acute dystonia and akathisia has been reported as 0
5% (Bateman et al
1 The commonest and most important side effects of metoclopramide are acute extrapyramidal symptoms, which require immediate treatment
These dystonic effects are more common in the young (especially girls and young women) and the very old; they usually occur shortly after starting treatment with metoclopramide and subside within 24 hours of stopping it In two patients with acute dystonic reactions to metoclopramide, genetic testing revealed that both patients were slow metabolizers
Uncontrolled spasms of your face and neck muscles, or muscles of your body, arms, and legs (dystonia)
On the second day of metoclopramide administration, our patient developed acute
Trazodone is a widely used antidepressant that can cause tardive dystonia, a movement disorder affecting the face and jaw
In 2011, Reglan was estimated to be used by more than 2 million Americans
A 21-year-old woman with thyroid carcinoma underwent thyroidectomy and lymph-node